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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
+<title>Creation: touch and mkdir</title>
+<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" />
+<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" />
+<link rel="UP" title="Handling Files and Directories" href="file-commands.html" />
+<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Simple Output: cat and echo"
+href="file-commands-output.html" />
+<link rel="NEXT" title="Copy and Move" href="file-commands-copymove.html" />
+<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+</head>
+<body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"
+alink="#0000FF">
+<div class="NAVHEADER">
+<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
+cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="file-commands-output.html"
+accesskey="P">Prev</a></td>
+<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 10 Handling Files and
+Directories</td>
+<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="file-commands-copymove.html"
+accesskey="N">Next</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="SECT1">
+<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="FILE-COMMANDS-CREATION" name="FILE-COMMANDS-CREATION">10.4
+Creation: <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt> and <tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt></a></h1>
+
+<div class="SECT2">
+<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3619" name="AEN3619">10.4.1 <tt
+class="COMMAND">touch</tt></a></h2>
+
+<p><tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt>(1) is used to change the timestamp on a file. You can
+change access timestamps and modification timestamps with this command. If the file
+specified does not exist, <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt> will create a zero length file
+with the name specified. To mark a file with the current system time, you would issue
+this command:</p>
+
+<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td>
+<pre class="SCREEN">
+<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">ls -al file1</kbd>
+-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9779 Feb 7 21:41 file1
+<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">touch file1</kbd>
+<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">ls -al file1</kbd>
+-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9779 Feb 8 09:17 file1
+</pre>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>There are several options for <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt>, including options to
+specify which timestamp to modify, the time to use, and many more. The online manual page
+discusses these in detail.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="SECT2">
+<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3639" name="AEN3639">10.4.2 <tt
+class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt></a></h2>
+
+<p><tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt>(1) will create a new directory. You simply specify the
+directory to create when you run mkdir. This example creates the <tt
+class="FILENAME">hejaz</tt> directory in the current directory:</p>
+
+<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td>
+<pre class="SCREEN">
+<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir hejaz</kbd>
+</pre>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>You can also specify a path, like this:</p>
+
+<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td>
+<pre class="SCREEN">
+<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir /usr/local/hejaz</kbd>
+</pre>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>The <var class="OPTION">-p</var> option will tell <tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt> to
+make any parent directories. The above example will fail if <tt
+class="COMMAND">/usr/local</tt> does not exist. The <var class="OPTION">-p</var> option
+will create <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/local</tt> and <tt
+class="FILENAME">/usr/local/hejaz</tt>:</p>
+
+<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td>
+<pre class="SCREEN">
+<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir -p /usr/local/hejaz</kbd>
+</pre>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="NAVFOOTER">
+<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" />
+<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
+cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="file-commands-output.html"
+accesskey="P">Prev</a></td>
+<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html"
+accesskey="H">Home</a></td>
+<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="file-commands-copymove.html"
+accesskey="N">Next</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">Simple Output: <tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt> and
+<tt class="COMMAND">echo</tt></td>
+<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="file-commands.html"
+accesskey="U">Up</a></td>
+<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Copy and Move</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+